Offshore substations (OSS) are hubs for the collection, transformation and transmission of electricity produced by offshore wind turbines. However, new or existing wind farms can be upgraded to absorb this energy. A substation in wind energy is a crucial component of a wind farm, serving as an. . The onshore substation transforms power to grid voltage, for example up to 400 kV. It also provides switchgear to protect the grid from the wind farm, and vice versa, for fault conditions. The exceptions are new wind farms or existing wind farms extensions built near a substation that can be upgraded to absorb the additional energy produced:. . While several designs for floating foundations for Wind Turbine Generators have been developed and patented, floating substations are representing the next step to have a complete solution for a floating wind farm applicable to a large panel of site conditions and characteristics. A modular design. . Head of offshore energy analysis, Jean-Baptiste Rougeot, examines the state of the OSS market and what can be expected from near-term demand and technology advancement. These complex structures collect. .